Clinical responses, however, are diverse and there is a lack of immunologic readout systems that correspond with clinical outcome.

Natural killer (NK) cells are powerful immune effectors whose antitumor activity is regulated through a sophisticated network of activating and inhibitory receptors. Natural killer (NK) cells are essential components of the innate immune system and play a critical role in host immunity against cancer. While chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been used extensively to redirect the specificity of autologous T cells against hematological malignancies with striking clinical results, studies of CAR-modified natural killer (NK) cells … Most investigators believe that sustained proliferations of NK cells require additional signals[23, 24], such as the presence of monocytes [] or B-lymphoblastoid cells [16, 25, 26].Miller et al. Only in the minority of patients, T-cell responses correlate with clinical outcome, indicating that other immune cells also gain anticancer activity. Adoptive transfer of immune cells is being actively pursued for cancer treatment. Recent progress in our understanding of NK cell immunobiology has paved the way for novel NK cell-based therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells endowed with potent cytolytic activity against tumors, and meanwhile act as regulatory cells for the immune system. 1 Interleukin-2 (IL-2)–activated haploidentical NK (haplo-NK) cell therapy induces complete remission (CR) in 30% to 50% of patients with relapsed and/or refractory acute myeloid leukemia …

Natural killer (NK) cells have evolved to complement T and B cells in host defense against pathogens and cancer. .

They recognize infected cells and tumors using a sophisticated array of activating,... Natural killer (NK) cells have evolved to complement T and B cells in host defense against pathogens and cancer. [] reported an approximate 30-fold expansion of NK cells after 18 days of culture with 1000 IU/mL IL-2 and monocytes.

IL-2 is a growth factor for antigen-specific T cells and natural killer (NK) cells… CAR cancer immunotherapy using natural killer cells from stem cells could be as effective and less toxic than using modified versions of patients' T cells.

Natural killer (NK) cells, a class of cytotoxic immune cells, generally lack inherent selectivities toward cancer.

Current NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy is aimed at overcoming NK cell paralysis through several potential approaches, including activating autologous NK cells, expanding allogeneic NK cells, … They recognize infected cells and tumors using a sophisticated array of activating,... Natural killer (NK) cells have evolved to complement T and B cells in host defense against pathogens and cancer. In this review, we will focus on recent advances in the field of NK cell immunotherapy, … However, cancers are able to develop mechanisms to escape NK cell attack or to induce defective NK cells.

His long-term goal is to translate these novel findings into better NK-cell based immunotherapies to treat cancer …

This property, which is unique among immune cells… So, whereas T cells have taken center stage in cancer immunotherapy – as the focus of treatments that sharpen the immune system's attack on cancer – NK cells are still mostly in the wings but edging closer to the spotlight.

One of the most illustrative examples of the enhancement of cancer immunotherapy is the use of IL-2.

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